Grammar Help ||Better Understanding , Better Learning
Transformation of sentences
according to the structure or pattern sentence is of three classes. Such as, Simple, complex, compound. Actually, there are no exact rules or formation to transform one patter to another pattern. However, some techniques and tactics are discussed below which essentially helpful for changing from sentence to another sentence. Transformation of sentence is not a matter of rules but huge practice along with fundamental strategy will make you an expert in this funny issue. Do not stick to your rules but apply your logic according to the structure of sentence. In the First step, we need to clarify the structure or pattern of these three sentences. In the second step we will show you some strategies. And finally in the third stage, some conectors/linkers and phrases will be shown. It is expected that these three steps make your idea clear about “Simple Complex and Compound”.
Structure
Simple: a simple sentence contains only one finite verb. There may have one or more Look at these basic strategies subject but normally One subject is very common in a simple.
Example
- going to the super shop I bought a big Salmon fish.
“in the above example, (I) is the only subject, (bought) is the only one finite verb and (going) is an nonfinite verb.
Complex: there are two subjects, two finite verbs in two respective clauses. Among them, one clause is dependent and other clause is independent. “since, as, because, when, while, though, although, if, so that, in order that, who, which, what, that, whom” ETC linkers or connectors are used before the dependent clause for adding to clauses.
Example
- if you do not know the fundamental grammatical points, you can not achieve your competence in English.
In the above stated instance, “you” is the subject of the both clause and “know” “achieve” are the two finite verbs of the two clauses. “if” is the linker of the clauses.
Compound: alike complex sentence, compound sentence possesses duble subjects, duble finite verbs and two separate independent clauses. “but, so, and, or, otherwise” ETC are commonly used between the clauses for linking up them.
example
- She bought a computer from the market but she did not know how to operate it.
In the above mentioned sentence, “she” is placed as the two subjects in the both clauses, “bought” “know” are two finite verbs. “but” is the connector.
Some important strategies
- While transforming or changing from complex or compound to simple, if the sentence contains two subjects referring to the same thing or being you have to use noun as your subject if the another one is pronoun. That means pronominal subject will be removed from your sentence. Such as,
Example: [Complex] Since Mr. Rahman met an accident yesterday on the way to his office, He could not come to visit us.
Simple: Because of meeting an accident yesterday Mr. Rahman could not come to visit us. [in this example, there are two subject “Mr. Rahman” [noun] and “he” [pronoun], even “mr. Rahman” and “he” refer to the same person. For this reason, we have to remove one subject “he” while transforming to simple sentence].
Example for you: [Compl] As the old man killed the innocent bird, he was punished.
- If the two subjects of complex or compound sentence does not mean the same thing or being you have to use possessive form of the removed subject. Such as,
Example: [Complex] As the apartment was tiny, we did not rent it.
Simple: Because of the apartment being tiny we did not rent it. [in the above example, the two subjects “apartment” and “we” do not talk about the same thing or being. Here, “apartment” and “we” express different idea, so, we have to use possessive form “apartment” of the removed subject “apartment”.
Ex for you: [Compl] As the boy stood first in JSC exam, parents felt very happy.
- As complex and compound sentence require two subject and two finite verbs, we should use the subject of the given simple sentence as another subject of the transformed complex or compound sentence. Even we have to use another finite verb according to the tense of the finite verb of mentioned simple sentence. For example:
Example: [Simple] Getting GPA 5 in JSC I was very glad.
Complex: Since I got GPA 5 in JSC, I was very glad.
Compound: I got GPA 5 in JSC and I was very glad. [in the above mentioned simple sentence, there were only one subject and only one finite verb but we need two subjects and two finite verbs while transforming from this simple sentence to complex and compound sentence. For this reason, we took “I” as another subject of complex or compound sentence. However, the nonfinite verb “getting” has been taken as another finite verb according to the tense of finite verb of the provided simple sentence].
Ex for you: [Sim] Completing repairment Gomoti Setu is opened for traphic.
- While changing from complex to simple sentence, we need only perform changes of dependent clause which is added by a conjunction. Such as,
Example: [Complex] Though India played well, they could not win the series.
Simple: In spite of playing well India did not win the series. [in this example, we have made changes merely in the dependent clause while transforming from complex to simple sentence].
Example for you: If you are not industrious, you will not able to cultivate expected result in the life.
- If you want to change a simple sentence in to complex or compound sentence, only make your required changes in the nonfinite part of the sentence. Such as,
Example: [simple] killing some bank officer the robber fled away.
Complex: when the robber killed many bank officer, they fled away.
Compound: the robber killed many bank officers and they fled away. [in the above example, we have made our required changes only in the nonfinite part of the simple sentence while transforming it to complex and compound sentence. Actually, we should not bother with other part of the given sentence].
Ex for you: normally, we go to visit some places to gather knowledge.
Now, let’s see the chart given below where some linkers and phrases are shown that make you to change from Simple to complex, complex to compound and vise versa combining with the techniques as stated above.
| Simple | Complex | Compound | |
| 1 | Ing verb/after + Ing verb/because of/on account of/for | As/since/when/because | And [between two clause or sentence] |
| 2 | বাক্যের মাঝখানে কিংবা শেষে ing যুক্ত verb
|
Relative pronoun + be verb | And [between two sentence or two clause] |
| 3 | Inspite of/despite of/despite | Nevertheless/nonetheless/though/although | But [between two sentence or clause |
| 4 | To/in order to/with a view to/look forward to | So that/in order that +sub +can/could, may/might | And/and so [between two sentence or clauses |
| 5 | At/in/during/at the time of/in the time of/at the age of + time clause
|
When it is/it was + time clause | And [between two sentences or two clauses] |
| 6 | Without + Ing verb | If + sub + don’t/doesn’t/didn’t/are not +rest of the parts of the sentence or unless between two sentences. “remember that you have to change Ing verb in to present form” | Or/otherwise [between two sentences or clauses] “you need not use sub of the first sentence” |
| 7 | By + ing verb | If +sub +rest of the part of the sentence “remember that you have to change Ing verb in to present form” | And [between two sentences or clauses] “you need not use sub of the first sentence” |
| 8 | Noun + adjective/adjective + noun | It is/this is/he is etc + adjective +which is/who is etc + noun, it is/this/he is etc + noun + which is/who is etc + adjective | And [between two sentences or clauses] |
| 9 | Too …….. to | So “in place of too” ……that + sub + can’t/couldn’t + rest of the parts of the sentence [in place of to] | Very “tooএর পরিবর্তে” ….. and “toএর বদলে”+ sub + can’t/couldn’t + rest of the sentence |
Example according to the chart: look at the chart and then the examples for your better understanding. Remember that here we change a sentence in various ways because a sentence can be changed in different ways. So, don’t be confused.
Row one : [a] Simple: budgeting time for each question I answered all of them.
*Simple: after budgeting time for each question I answered all of them.
*Simple: because of budgeting time for each question I answered all of them.
*Simple: on account of budgeting time for each question I answered all of them.
*Simple: I answered all of them for budgeting time each question.
[b] Complex: since I budgeted time for each question, I answered all of them.*Complex: as I budgeted time for each question, I answered all of them.
*Complex: when I budgeted time for each question, I answered all of them.
*Complex: I answered all of them because I budgeted time for each question.
[c] Compound: I budgeted time each question and I answered all of them.
Example for you: 1 Since the girl lost her mother at the early age, she was not brought up properly. [sim, comp]
2 LOOKING at her appearance I was very shocked. [compl, comp]
3 I got married earlier with a senior lady and fell in trouble. [sim, compl]
Row 2 [a] Simple: I saw the boy groaning in the street.
[b] Complex: I saw the boy who was groaning in the street. [c] Compound: I saw the boy and he was groaning in the street. [1] SIMPLE: I saw the birds singing. [2]COMPLEX: I saw the birds which were singing. [3] compound: I saw the birds and they were singing.
Example for you: 1 Every day we see our political parties and they quarrel with one another. [sim, compl]
2 On Hartal day, police arrests somebody who normally walks in the street. [sim, comp]
3 They saved a boy wounded. [compl, comp]
4 Some people witnessed an accident happened yesterday. [compl, comp]
Row 3 [a] Simple: Inspite of having natural resources we are not a developed country.
*Simple: Despite of having natural resources we are not a developed country.
*Simple: Despite natural resources we are not a developed country.
[b] Complex: Though we have natural resources, we are not a developed country.*Complex: Although we have natural resources, we are not a developed country.
*Complex: Nevertheless we have natural resources, we are not a developed country.
*Complex: Nonetheless we have natural resources, we are not a developed country.
*Complex We are not a developed country though/although/nevertheless/nonetheless we have natural resources.
[c] Compound: We have natural resources but we are not a developed country.
Example for you: 1 We got huge lone from diffent money lenders but we did not use them properly for our development. [sim, compl]
2 Despite of getting A+ Pally did not get chance in Dhaka University. [cmopl, comp]
3 Though we made many sculptures and monuments here and there to commemorate the martyrs, their dream yet to be fulfilled. [sim, comp]
Row 4 [a] Simple: Last year we arranged a class party to enjoy among us.
*Simple: Last year we arranged a class party with a view to enjoying among us.
*Simple: Last year we arranged a class party in order to enjoy among us.
*Simple: Last year we arranged a class party looking forward to enjoying among us.
[b] complex: Last year we arrange a classs party so that we could/might enjoy among us.*Complex: Last year we arranged a class party in order that we could/might enjoy among us.
[c] COMPOUND: Last year we arranged a class party and so we could/might enjoy among us.*Compound: Last year we arranged a class party and we could/might enjoy among us.
Example for you: 1 All party should come to a term so that we can exercise pure democracy. [sim, comp]
2 LIMA becomes serious on the eve of the examination and she can stand first in the class. [compl, sim]
3 SIFAT likes to read books with a view to gaining knowledge.
Row 5 [a] Simple: during winter people like to go to se beach for refreshment.
*Simple: In winter people like to go to sea beach for refreshment.
*Simple: In the time of winter people like to go to sea beach for refreshment.
[b] Complex: When it is winter people like to go to sea beach for refreshment. [c] Compound: It is winter and people like to go to sea beach for refreshment.Simple: At the age of 19 he died an unnatural death.
*Complex: When he was 19 he died an unnatural death.
*Complex: When it was 19 he died an unnatural death.
*Compound: He was 19 and he died an unnatural death.
*Compound: It was 19 and he died an unnatural death.
[1] Simple: I like to sleep at day time. [2] Complex: I like to sleep when it is day time. [3] Compound: I like to sleep and it is day time.*Compound: It is day time and I like to sleep.
Example for you: 1 On 7th march our great leader Sheak Mojibur Rahman delivered his motivating and stimulating speech to summon us in war. [complex, comp]
2 Our honourable president died at the age of 84. [compl, comp]
3 When it was 20th March we lost our honourable president. [sim, compmp]
Row 6 [a] Simple: Without studying hard you will not get GPA 5.
[b] Complex: If you do not study hard, you will not get GPA 5.*Complex: You will not get GPA 5 unless you study hard.
[c] COMPOUND: Study hard or you will not get GPA 5.*Compound: Study hard otherwise you will not get GPA 5.
Example for you: 1 Be honest or you will shine in life. [sim, compl]
2 IF he did not arrive here, I would have greatly shocked. [sim, comp]
3 Without managing your boss you must not get promotion. [comp, compl]
Row 7 [a] Simple: By reading books we can gather knowledge.
[b] Complex: If we read books, we can gather knowledge. [c] COMPOUND: We should read books and we can gather knowledge.
Example for you:1 Come here and take it. [sim, compl]
2 By being pious you could be rewarded in the next world. [compl, comp]
3 If we utilize our limited resources, our country will be a developed one. [sim, comp]
Row 8 [a] Simple: Ignorance is a curse.
[b] Complex: This is ignorance which is a curse.*Complex: It is ignorance which is a curse.
[c] COMPOUND: It is ignorance and it is a curse.*Compound: This is ignorance and this is a curse.
[1] Simple: Sheak Mojibur Rahman was an indisputed leader. [2] Complex: Sheak Mojibur Rahman was a leader who was indisputed. [3] Compound: Sheak Mojibur Rahman was a leader and he was indisputed.
Example for you: 1 Bangladesh is a poor country. [compl, comp]
2 Dhaka is a populated city. [compl, comp]
3 We are one of the nations who are brave. [sim, comp]
Row 9 [a] Simple: The heat of the sun is too hot to tolerate.
[b] Complex: The heat of the sun is so hot that I/we can’t tolerate it. [c] COMPOUND: The heat of the sun is very hot and i/we can’t tolerate it.
Example for you: 1 The dinner was too delicious to resist my temptation. [comp, compl]
2 The examples were so tough I can’t work them out. [simple, comp]
3 My internet connection is very slow and I can’t log in to facebook. [simple, compl]
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